Loading... # Essential Grammer in Use ## UNIT 1-2. am/is/are ### A My name is Lisa,I'm American.I'm from Chicago.I'm a student.My father is doctor and my mother is a journalist. I'm 22.I'm not married.My favorite colour is blue.My favorite sports are football and swimming.I 'm interested in art. ### B | Positive | Negative | | - | - | | I am (I'm) | I am not (I'm not) | | he/she/it is (he's/she's/it's) | he/she/it is not (he's/she's/it's not) (he/she/it isn't) | | we/they/you are (we're they're you're) | we/they/you are not(we're/they're/you're not) (we/they/you aren't) | | that/there/here is(that's/there's/here's) | | ### A | Positive | Negative | | :- | - | | I am | am I ? | | he/she/it is | is he/she/it ? | | we/they/you are | are we/they/you ? | + 'Am I late ?' 'No,you're on time.' + 'Is your mother at home?' 'No,She's out.' + 'Are your parents at home?' 'No,They're out.' + Your shoes are nice.Are they new? ### B Where is(Where 's) What is(What's) Who is(Who's) How is(How's) Why is(Why's) + Where is your mother? Is she at home? + 'What colour is your car?' 'It's red.' + How are your parents? Are they well? + 'How much are these postcards?' 'Fifty pence.' + 'How old is Joe?' 'He's 24.' ### C short answers | Positive | Negative | | :- | - | | Yes,I am | No,I'm not. | | Yes,he/she/it is | No, he/she/it's not or he/she/it isn't | | Yes,we/they/you are | No, we/they/you're not or we/they/you aren't | + 'Are you tired?' 'Yes,I am.' + 'Is your friend English?' 'Yes,he is.' + 'That's my seat.' 'No,it isn't.' ## UNIT 3-4. I am doing&are you doing? Present continuous ### A + She's eating.(== she isn't reading.) + It's raining. (==The sun isn't shining.) + They're running.(==They aren't walking.) The present continuous is: **am/is/are + doing/eating/running/writing etc.** ### B **am/is/are + _ing = something is happening now.** + Looking at Sue!She's wearing her new hat.(=She is wearing it now) + The weather is nice at the moment. It's not rainning. + (on the phone)We're having dinner now.Can you phone again later? + You can turn off the television.I'm not watching it. **Spelling** come -> coming write -> writing dance -> dancing run -> running sit -> sitting swim -> swimming lie -> lying ### A Present continuous questions + 'Are you feeling OK?' 'Yes,I'm fine,thank you.' + 'Is it raining?' 'Yes, take an umbrella.' + Who are you waiting for?Are you waiting for Sue? ### B **is/are + subject + -ing** + Is he working today? + Is Paul working today? + Where are they going? ### C + 'Are your friends staying at a school?' 'No,they aren't.They're staying with me' ## UNIT 5-6. I do work like & I don't... ### A **They read / he likes /I work etc = the present simple** | I/we/you/they | read | like | work | live | watch | do | have | | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | he/she/it | reads | likes | works | lives | watches | does | has | + They're looking at their books.(== They are read a lot.) + He's eating an ice-cream.(==He likes ice-cream.) + I work in a shop,My brother works in a bank. + Linda lives in London.Her parents live in Scotland. + John has a shower every day. **Spelling (→Appendix 5):** **-es** after **-s** / **-sh** / **-ch** : pass → passes finish → finishes watch → watches **-y** → **-ies** : study → studies try → tries **also**: do → does go → goes ### B **We use the present simple for things that are true in general, or for things that happen sometimes or all the times** + I like big cities. + The shops open at 9 o'clock and close 5.30. + Tim works very hard.He starts at 7.30 and finishes at 8 o'clock in the evening. + The Earth goes around the Sun. + We do a lot of different things in our free time. + It costs a lot of money to stay at luxury hotels. ### C **always/never/often/sometimes/usually + present simple** + Sue always arrives at work early. + I usually go to work by car but sometimes I walk. + Julia never eats breakfast. + Tom lives near us. We often see him. ### A Present simple negitive | positive | | netitive | | | - | - | - | - | | I/we/you/they | work/like/do/have | I/we/you/they | do not(don't) | | he/she/it | works/likes/does/has | he/she/it | does not(doesn't) | + She donesn't drink coffee. + He donesn't like his job. + I drink coffee but I don't drink tea. + Sue drinks coffee but she doesn't drinks tea. + Sometimes he is late but it doesn't happen very often ### B I/we/you/they don't he/she/it donesn't + I don't like Fred and Fred doesn't like me. + My car doesn't use much petrol. + Sometimes he is late but it doesn't happen very often. ### C **We use don't/doesn't + infinitive(don't like / doesn't speak / doesn't do etc.):** + I don't like washing the car. I don't do it very often. + Sandra speaks Spanish but she doesn't speak Italian. + Bill doesn't do his job very vell. + Paula doesn't usually have breakfast. ## UNIT 7. Do you ...? ### B Study the word order: **do/does + suject + infinitive** | | do/does | suject | infinitive | | | - | - | - | - | - | | | Do | you | work | in the evening? | | | Do | your friends | live | near here? | | | Does | Chris | play | tennis? | | where | do | your parents | live? | | | How often | do | you | wash | your hair? | | What | does | this word | mean? | | | How much | does | it | cost | to fly to Rome? | **Questions with always/usually/often:** + Do you always have breakfast? + Does Chris often play tennis? + What do you usually do at weekends? ### C do I/we/you/theydoes he/she/it + Do you like music? + Does he like music? ### D short answers | positive | | netitive | | | - | - | - | - | | Yes, | I /we/you/they do. | No, | I /we/you/they don't. | | Yes, | he/she/it does. | No, | he/she/it doesn't. | + 'Do you play tennis?' 'No,I don't.' + 'Do you parents speak English?' 'Yes,They do.' + 'Does Georage work hard?' 'Yes,he does.' + 'Does your sister live in London?' 'No,she doesn't.' ## UNIT 8. I am doing and I do ### A Jim is watching television. He is not playing the guitar. But Jim has a guitar. He often plays it and he plays very well. Jim plays the guitar. But he is not playing the guitar now. Is he playing the guitar? No,he isn't (present continuous) Does he play the guitar? Yes,he does. (present simple) ### B **Present continuous (I am doing) - now,at the time of speaking:** I'm doing past ------------------------------------ Now -------------------------------------future + Please be quite.I'm working. + Tom is having a shower at the moment. + Take an umbrella with you, It's rainning. + Why are under the table? What are you doing? ### C **Present(I do) - in general,all the time or sometimes:** I do past ------------------------------------ Now -------------------------------------future + I work every day from 9 o'clock to 5.30. + Tom has a shower every morning. + It rains a lot in winter. + What do you usually do at the weekend? ### D **We do not use these verbs in the present continuous(I am -ing)** like love want know understand remember depend prefer hate need mean belive forget **Use the present simple only with these verbs(I want / do you like?etc)** + I'm tired.I want to go home. + 'Do you know that girl?' 'Yes,but I don't remember her name.' + I don't understand.What do you mean? ## UNIT 9. I have .../I've got ### A You can say **I have** or **I've got,he has** or **he's got:** | I/we/you/they have | I/we/you/they have got (I/we/you/they've got) | | - | - | | he/she/it has | he/she/it has got ( he/she/it's got) | + I've got blue eyes.(or I have blue eyes.) + Time has got two sisters.(or Tim has two sisters.) + They like animals.They've got a horse,three dogs and six cats. ### B I **haven't got / have** you **got?** etc | negative | question | short answers | | - | - | - | | I/we/you/they have not (haven't) got | have I/we/you/they got ? | Yes,I/we/you/they have | | he/she/it has not (hasn't) got | has he/she/it has got ? | Yes, he/she/it has | ### C I **don't have / do** you **have?** etc In negatives and questions you can also use **do/does**...: + They don't have any children.(= They don't have got any children.) + It's a nice house but it doesn't have a garden.(= It hasn't got a gardren.) + Does Ann have a car?(= Does Ann have got a car?) + How much money do you have?(= How much money have you got?) ## UNIT 10. was/were ### A **am/is(present) -> was(past)** + I am tired.(now) -> I was tired last night. + Where is Ann?(now) -> Where was Ann yesterday? + The weather is good today. -> The weather was good last week. **are(present) -> were(past)** + You are last.(now) -> You were late yesterday. + They aren't here(now) -> They weren't here last Sunday. ### B | positive | negative | question | | - | - | - | | I/he/she/it was | I/he/she/it was not(wasn't) | was I/he/she/it ? | | we/you/they were | we/you/they were not(weren't) | were we/you/they? | + Last year Rachel was 22,so she is 23 now. + When I was a child,I was afraid of dogs. + We were hungry after the journey but we weren't tired. + The hotel was comfortable but it wasn't expensive. + Was the weather good when you were on holiday? + Those shoes are nice.Were they expensive? + Why were you late this morning? ### C short answers | positive | negative | | - | - | | Yes, I/he/she/it was | No, I/he/she/it was not(wasn't) | | Yes,we/you/they were | No, we/you/they were not(weren't) | + 'Were you late?' 'No,I wasn't.' + 'Was Ted at work yesterday?' 'Yes,he was.' + 'Were Sue and Steve at the party?' 'No,they weren't.' Last modification：August 14th, 2020 at 02:13 pm © 允许规范转载 Support If you think my article is useful to you, please feel free to appreciate ×Close Appreciate the author Sweeping payments
以后更新这篇文章,要记得是追加,不是替换,因为Typora的表格并不能被Typecho友好支持特殊格式的原因